F/A-18 Hornet Papercraft AMERYKANSKI SAMOLOT WIELOZADANIOWY F/A-18 Hornet Papercraft McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet
Showing posts with label military papermodel. Show all posts
Showing posts with label military papermodel. Show all posts
Wednesday, February 3, 2016
McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet
Friday, August 9, 2013
Ki-46-III KAI DINAH
Mitsubishi Ki-46
| Ki-46 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| A Mitsubishi Ki-46 "Dinah" in flight. | |
| Role | Twin-engine reconnaissance aircraft |
| Manufacturer | Mitsubishi |
| First flight | September, 1939 |
| Introduction | July, 1941 |
| Retired | 1945 |
| Primary user | Imperial Japanese Army Air Force |
| Number built | 1,742 |
Contents
- 1 Development and design
- 2 Operational history
- 3 Survivors
- 4 Variants
- 5 Operators
- 6 Specifications (Ki-46-II)
- 7 See also
- 8 References
- 9 External links
Development and design
On 12 December 1937, the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force issued a specification to Mitsubishi for a long-range strategic reconnaissance aircraft to replace the Mitsubishi Ki-15. The specification demanded an endurance of six hours and sufficient speed to evade interception by any fighter in existence or development, but otherwise did not constrain the design.[1]The resulting design was a twin-engined, low-winged monoplane with a retractable tailwheel undercarriage. It had a small diameter oval fuselage which accommodated a crew of two, with pilot and observer situated in individual cockpits separated by a large fuel tank. Further fuel tanks were situated in the thin wings both inboard and outboard of the engines, giving a total fuel capacity of 1,490 L (328 imperial gallons). The engines, two Mitsubishi Ha-26, were housed in close fitting cowlings developed by the Aeronautical Research Institute of the Tokyo Imperial University to reduce drag and improve pilot view.[1][2]
To solve the performance problems, Mitsubishi fitted Ha-102 engines, which were Ha-26s fitted with a two stage supercharger, while increasing fuel capacity and reducing empty weight to give the Ki-46-II, flying in March 1941. This met the speed requirements of the original specification, and was ordered into full-scale production, with deliveries starting in July.[4][5]
Although at first the Ki-46 proved almost immune from interception, the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force realised that improved Allied fighters such as the Supermarine Spitfire and P-38 Lightning could challenge this superiority, and in July 1942, it instructed Mitsubishi to produce a further improved version, the Ki-46-III.[6] This had more powerful, fuel-injected Mitsubishi Ha-112 engines, and a redesigned nose, with a fuel tank ahead of the pilot and a new canopy, smoothly faired from the extreme nose of the aircraft, eliminating the "step" of the earlier versions. The single defensive machine gun of the earlier aircraft was also omitted. The new version first flew in December 1942, demonstrating significantly higher speed (630 km/h (391 mph) at 6,000 m (19,700 ft).[7] The performance of the Ki-46-III, proved superior to that of the aircraft intended to replace it (the Tachikawa Ki-70), which as a result did not enter production.[8]
In an attempt to yet further improve the altitude performance of the Ki-46, two prototypes were fitted with exhaust driven turbosupercharged Ha-112-II-Ru engines, flying in February 1944, but only two prototypes of this version were built[9]
Mitsubishi factories made a total of 1,742 examples of all versions (34 units Ki-46-I, 1093 units Ki-46-II, 613 units Ki-46-III, 4 units Ki-46-IV）during 1941-44.[10]
Operational history
This aircraft was first used by the Japanese Army in Manchukuo and China, where seven units were equipped with it, and also at times by the Japanese Imperial Navy in certain reconnaissance missions over the northern coasts of Australia and New Guinea.The Japanese Army used this aircraft for the same type of missions (which were not authorized) over present-day Malaysia during the months before the Pacific War. Later, it was used over Burma, Indochina and Thailand, and in operations over the Indian Ocean.
In 1944-45, during the last days of the war, it was modified as a high-altitude interceptor, with two 20 mm cannons in the nose and one 37 mm (1.46 in) cannon in an "upwards-and-forwards" position - almost like the Luftwaffe's Schräge Musik night fighter cannon emplacements - for fighting USAAF B-29 Superfortresses over the metropolitan Japanese islands. It lacked stability for sustained shooting of the 37 mm (1.46 in) weapon, had only a thin layer of armour plating, lacked self-sealing fuel tanks, and was slow to climb.
The Ki-46 was also assigned to two whole Sentai (wings/groups), as well as individual Chutaicho (junior operational commanders) in the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service, during the Pacific War.
The Allies captured some examples during the conflict which were then repaired and flown for evaluation purposes.
Survivors
Variants
(note:- The Shiki designations must be used in full, as written below, because the Type number only refers to the year of the designs inception.)- Army Type 100 Command Reconnaissance Plane
- The Shiki designation for the Ki-46 Command Reconnaissance Plane
- Army Type 100 Air Defence Fighter
- The Shiki designation for the Ki-46 Interceptor Fighter
- Army Type 100 Assault Plane
- The Shiki designation for the Ki-46 Assault Plane
- Ki-46
- Prototype.
- Ki-46 I
- Reconnaissance version of the Ki-46.
- Ki-46 II
- The first operational model of the series.
- Ki-46 II KAI
- Three-seat training version of the Ki-46. Used for radio and navigation training, with a redesigned cabin, dorsal echeloned extension. Conversions of the Ki-46 II.
- Ki-46 III
- Ki-46 III-KAI
- Defense interceptor/night fighter version of the Ki-46. Equipped with two 20 mm cannons in the nose and one 37 mm (1.46 in) cannon in the "Schräge Musik"-style dorsal frontal position.
- Ki-46 III
- Land strike version of the Ki-46, without 37 mm (1.46 in) cannon armament.
- Ki-46 IIIb
- Ground-attack version.
- Ki-46 IIIc
- Unbuilt design project.
- Ki-46 IV
- Prototype, equipped with two turbocharged 1,119 kW (1,500 hp) Mitsubishi Ha-112-IIru engines, and more gasoline store capacity.
- Ki-46 IVa/b
- Series models of reconnaissance/fighter aircraft, unbuilt design projects
Operators
- French Air Force - Captured aircraft.
- Chinese Communist Air Force Two captured Ki-46s in communist Chinese hands served as a ground-attack aircraft and a trainer respectively, and the last Ki-46 retired in early 1950s.
Specifications (Ki-46-II)
Data from Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War[11]
General characteristics- Crew: 2 (pilot and observer)
- Length: 11.00 m (36 ft 1 in)
- Wingspan: 14.70 m (48 ft 2¾ in)
- Height: 3.88 m (12 ft 8¾ in)
- Wing area: 32.0 m² (344 ft²)
- Empty weight: 3,263 kg (7,194 lb)
- Loaded weight: 5,050 kg (11,133 lb)
- Max. takeoff weight: 5,800 kg (12,787 lb)
- Powerplant: 2 × Mitsubishi Ha-102 Army Type 1 14-cylinder radial engines, 807 kW (1,080 hp) (take-off) each
- Maximum speed: 604 km/h (326 knots, 375 mph) at 5,800 m (19,000 ft)
- Cruise speed: 400 km/h (217 knots, 249 mph)
- Range: 2,474 km (1,337 nmi, 1,537 mi)
- Service ceiling: 10,720 m (35,200 ft)
- Wing loading: 157.8 kg/m² (32.3 lb/ft²)
- Climb to 8,000 m (26,250 ft): 17 min 58 sec
- Guns: 1× rearward-firing 7.7 mm (.303 in) Type 89 machine gun
See also
- Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
- Related lists
References
- Notes
- ^ a b Air International November 1980, p. 227.
- ^ a b Francillon 1979, pp. 169–170.
- ^ Francillon 1979, p. 170.
- ^ Air International November 1980, p. 230.
- ^ Francillon 1979, pp. 170–171.
- ^ Francillon 1979, p. 172.
- ^ Air International November 1980, pp. 231–232.
- ^ Francillon 1970, p. 257.
- ^ Air International November 1980, p. 232.
- ^ Francillon 1979, p. 176.
- ^ Francillon 1979, pp. 176–177.
- Bibliography
- Francillon, Ph.D., Réne J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970. ISBN 0-370-00033-1. 2nd edition 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.
- Green, William. Warplanes of the Second World War, Volume Three: Fighters. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 1961. ISBN 0-356-01447-9.
- Gunston, Bill. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Combat Aircraft of World War II. London: Salamander Books Ltd., 1978. ISBN 0-89673-000-X
- "Mitsubishi Ki. 46...the Aesthetic Asiatic". Air International, November 1980, Vol 19, No 6. Bromley, UK: Fine Scroll. ISSN 0306-5634. pp. 227–233.
Type 2 Ka-Mi
Type 2 Ka-Mi
| Type 2 Ka-Mi | |
|---|---|
 A Type 2 Ka-Mi being tested by Australian soldiers in 1945 |
|
| Place of origin |  Empire of Japan |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 1941 |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 12.3 tons (9.15 tons without flotation pontoons) |
| Length | 7.42 meters (4.80 meters without flotation pontoons) |
| Width | 2.79 meters |
| Height | 2.34 meters |
| Crew | 5-6 |
| Armor | 6-13 mm |
| Main armament |
Type 1 37 mm gun |
| Secondary armament |
2 × Type 97 7.7 mm machine guns |
| Engine | Mitsubishi air-cooled 6-cylinder diesel 115 hp (86 kW) |
| Suspension | Bell crank |
| Operational range |
200 kilometers |
| Speed | 37 km/h |
Contents
- 1 History and development
- 2 Design
- 3 Combat Record
- 4 Surviving Vehicles
- 5 See also
- 6 References
- 7 External links
History and development
Only 184 units of the Type 2 Ka-Mi were built, beginning in 1942, due to the number of complex components and due to the fact that it had to be nearly completely hand-built.[2]
Design
The Type 2 Ka-Mi was based on the Army's Type 95 Ha-Go light tank, but with an all-welded hull with rubber seals in place of the riveted armor. It was intended to be water-tight. Large, hollow pontoons made from steel plates were attached to the front glacis plate and rear decking to give the necessary buoyancy. The front pontoon was internally divided into eight separate compartments to minimize the effects of damage from flooding and shellfire. These flotation devices could be jettisoned from inside the tank once the tank landed and commenced ground combat operations.The Type 2 Ka-Mi's gun turret with a high-velocity Type 1 37 mm gun and a coaxial Type 97 light machine gun was able to rotate 360°. A second Type 97 light machine gun was located in the tank's bow. Occasionally Type 2 Ka-Mi's were armed with a pair of naval torpedoes; one on either side of the hull. The Type 2 Ka-Mi could also be launched from the deck of a submarine.[3]
The Type 2 Ka-Mi was capable of attaining speeds of 10 km/h in the water with a range of 150 km through two propellers situated at the rear of the hull, powered by the tank's engine. Steering was in the control of the tank commander, who operated a pair of rudders from the turret through cables.
That the crew included an onboard mechanic is an indication of the complexity of the design.
Combat Record
The Type 2 Ka-Mi came into active service after the initial campaigns of World War II, and was thus too late to be used in its original design mission of amphibious landings. Many units were assigned to naval garrison detachments in the South Pacific Mandate and in the Netherlands East Indies.The Type 2 Ka-Mi was encountered by the United States Marine Corps in the Marshall Islands and Mariana Islands, particularly on Guam, where it was dug into the ground and misused in static defense positions. It was also encountered in combat by U.S. Army forces at Aitape and Biak during the New Guinea campaign and during the fighting on the Philippine island of Leyte in late 1944. According to Ralph Zumbro in his book 'Tank Aces',several Ka-Mi were destroyed by Army LVT-1s off the coast of Leyte during history's only Amtank vs. Amtank action. A handful more were captured by Army troops on Luzon in 1945,but had not entered combat. A number of photos exist of these vehicles, as well as several others captured by Australian and Commonwealth troops. In common with most Japanese armor, it was no match for Allied tanks or anti-armor weapons.[2]
Surviving Vehicles
The Kubinka Tank Museum in Moscow, Russia has a Type 2 Ka-Mi on display, complete with its front and rear pontoons.A near complete hull is located in the bush near the airport on Babeldaob, Palau. Another interesting specimen is located in Koror area, Palau, between the Police Station and the Civic center. It's very interesting as it still has a heavy anti aircraft machinegun on the rear pontoon
See also
References
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Foss, Christopher (2003). Great Book of Tanks: The World's Most Important Tanks from World War I to the Present Day. Zenith Press. ISBN 0-7603-1475-6.
- Zaloga, Steven J. (2007). Japanese Tanks 1939-45. Osprey. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/1-84603-091-8|1-84603-091-8 [[Category:Articles with invalid ISBNs]]]] Check
|isbn=value (help). - Zumbro, Ralph (1997), Tank Aces, Pocket Books/Simon&Schuster, ISBN 0-671-53612-5
ORP KRAKOW
Transport ship
The ship ORP KRAKOW (IMO: 3, MMSI: 261234000) is a Transport ship registered
in Poland. See below for the last known position obtained by AIS, technical details of the ship,
vessel owner and manager, tonnages, and a history of port calls recorded in the FleetMon Vessel Database.
© U-kasz
ORP Conrad
ORP Conrad
| ORP Conrad | |
 |
|
| Historia | |
| Położenie stępki | 1 grudnia 1916 |
| Wodowanie | 26 stycznia 1918 |
 Royal Navy |
|
| Nazwa | HMS Danae |
| Wejście do służby | 22 czerwca 1918 |
 Marynarka Wojenna |
|
| Nazwa | ORP Conrad |
| Wejście do służby | 4 października 1944 |
| Wycofanie ze służby | 28 września 1946 |
| Royal Navy |
|
| Nazwa | HMS Danae |
| Wycofanie ze służby | 1948 |
| Los okrętu | złomowany |
| Dane taktyczno-techniczne | |
| Wyporność | standardowa: 4276 t pełna: 5603 t |
| Długość | 146,5 m |
| Szerokość | 14,02 m |
| Zanurzenie | 4,41 m |
| Prędkość | 29 węzłów |
| Zasięg | 1.480 Mm/29 w; 6.700 Mm/10 w |
| Załoga | 462 |
| Napęd | |
| turbiny parowe o mocy 40 000 KM napędzające 2 śruby | |
| Uzbrojenie | |
| 5 dział kalibru 152 mm 1 działo kalibru 102 mm 8 dział przeciwlotniczych kalibru 40 mm pom-pom (2 x IV) 12 dział przeciwlotniczych kalibru 20 mm (2 x IV; 4 x I) wyrzutnia bomb głębinowych |
|
 Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons |
|
Spis treści
Historia
Stępkę pod pierwszy krążownik nowego typu Danae położono 1 grudnia 1916 w stoczni Armstrong Whitworth w Walker-on-Tyne, zwodowano zaś 26 stycznia 1918 roku. Był to − w chwili zakończenia I wojny światowej − jeden z najszybszych krążowników na świecie. Napędzany przez dwie turbiny parowe Brown-Curtis o mocy 39 500 Km, mógł rozwinąć prędkość 29 w. Zbiorniki o pojemności 1060 ton oleju napędowego pozwalały na przebycie 1480 Mm z prędkością 29 w. i 6700 Mm z prędkością 10 w. Okręt był opancerzony na burtach i stanowisku dowodzenia blachami stalowymi o grubości 76 mm, na zbiornikach paliwa i komorach amunicyjnych 57 mm, a na pokładzie głównym 25 mm.Włączony w ostatnich miesiącach wojny do stacjonującego w Harwich 5 Dywizjonu Krążowników Lekkich wziął udział w kilku patrolach na Morzu Północnym, a w roku następnym na Bałtyku, gdzie wraz z siostrzanymi krążownikami HMS Dragon i HMS Dauntless wspierał Białych walczących z bolszewikami podczas wojny domowej w Rosji, jak również strzegł polskich interesów w porcie w Gdańsku.
Dookoła świata
W latach 1927-1929 Danae służył w 1 Dywizjonie Krążowników na Morzu Śródziemnym, po czym wrócił do Wielkiej Brytanii na remont kapitalny i modernizację. Do służby powrócił w roku 1930 i został dołączony do 8 Dywizjonu Krążowników stacjonującego w Brytyjskich Indiach Zachodnich. W 1935 roku, po wybuchu II wojny chińsko-japońskiej, eskortował konwoje z Szanghaju do Hongkongu i został ostrzelany przez okręty floty japońskiej.
II wojna światowa
W lipcu 1939 roku Danae wszedł w skład 9 Dywizjonu Krążowników, który od października operował na południowym Atlantyku i Oceanie Indyjskim. 23 marca 1940 roku wszsedł w skład Malajskiego Zespołu Uderzeniowego biorąc udział w patrolowaniu wód okalających Holenderskie Indie Wschodnie i Półwysep Malajski. Od 20 stycznia pełnił służbę eskortową na Morzu Żółtym i pomiędzu Indiami Holenderskimi i Cejlonem. 24 lutego 1941 roku przybył do Batawii, a następnie do Colombo, skąd został skierowany do Cape Town na remont.Do służby powrócił w lipcu 1943 roku, po spędzeniu 11 miesięcy w stoczni. W marcu roku 1944 powrócił do Wielkiej Brytanii i wszedł w skład 1 Dywizjonu Krążowników. Tuż przed lądowaniem w Normandii wraz z wieloma innymi okrętami prowadził przygotowawczy ostrzał artyleryjski plaży Sword. W lipcu dywizjon został skierowany w rejon Ouistreham, by w sierpniu powrócić do Wielkiej Brytanii. Wycofany z czynnej służby, Danae został przekształcony w hulk mieszkalny w porcie Plymouth.
Dzieje okrętu w Polskiej Marynarce Wojennej
Początkowo okręt planowano nazwać ORP "Wilno" bądź ORP "Lwów". Nie stało się tak jednak ze względów politycznych (brytyjskie władze obawiały się sprowokowania tą nazwą władz ZSRR). Ostatecznie zdecydowano się nadać mu pod tym względem neutralną politycznie nazwę ORP "Conrad". Nazwą tą uczczono pamięć angielskiego pisarza urodzonego w Polsce, Josepha Conrada (właściwie Józefa Konrada Korzeniowskiego), którego utwory przeważnie związane były z morzem. Imię okrętu nawiązywało w ten sposób do polsko-brytyjskiej współpracy na morzu.
Przejęcia okrętu w imieniu PMW dokonał komandor Karol Korytowski, a pierwszym dowódcą został komandor Stanisław Dzienisiewicz – ostatni dowódca ORP Dragon. Pod polską banderą okręt był używany do patrolowania północno-wschodnich obszarów Atlantyku, a przez tydzień, od 7 do 14 czerwca 1945 roku pełnił dyżur nadzorujący w bazie Kriegsmarine − Wilhelmshaven, zajętej w ostatnich dniach wojny przez 1 Dywizję Pancerną generała Stanisława Maczka.
28 września 1946 roku o godzinie 15.15 opuszczono polską banderę i przekazano okręt Royal Navy. Powrócono do dawnej nazwy HMS "Danae" i skierowano do rezerwy w Falmouth, a 27 marca 1948 roku rozpoczęto złomowanie w Barrow.
Dowódcy
Okręty typu D
ORP "Dragon", HMS "Danae" (od 04.10.1944: ORP Conrad), HMS "Dauntless", HMS "Delhi", HMS "Despatch", HMS "Diomede", HMS "Dunedin", HMS "Durban".Inne jednostki o podobnej nazwie
Bibliografia
- Jerzy Pertek: Wielkie dni małej floty. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Poznańskie, 1976.
- Jan Piwowoński: Flota spod biało-czerwonej. Warszawa: Nasza Księgarnia, 1989. ISBN 978-83-100-8902-1.
HMS Danae (D44)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other ships of the same name, see HMS Danae.
 HMS Danae underway, August 1943 |
|
| Career (United Kingdom) |  |
|---|---|
| Name: | HMS Danae |
| Builder: | Armstrong Whitworth |
| Laid down: | 1 December 1916 |
| Launched: | 26 January 1918 |
| Commissioned: | 22 July 1918 |
| Decommissioned: | 4 October 1944 |
| Fate: | Transferred to Poland |
| Career (Poland) |  |
| Name: | ORP Conrad |
| Namesake: | Józef Konrad Korzeniowski |
| Commissioned: | 4 October 1944 |
| Decommissioned: | 28 September 1946 |
| Fate: | Returned to Royal Navy |
| Career (United Kingdom) | |
| Name: | HMS Danae |
| Recommissioned: | 28 September 1946 |
| Decommissioned: | 22 January 1948 |
| Fate: | Scrapped 27 March 1948 at Barrow |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type: | Danae-class light cruiser |
| Displacement: | 4,276 tons Full: 5,603 tons After 1924: 4,850 |
| Length: | 445 ft (136 m) |
| Beam: | 46.5 ft (14.2 m) |
| Draught: | 14.5 ft (4.4 m) |
| Propulsion: | Six Yarrow-type water-tube boilers Parsons geared steam turbines Two shafts 40,000 shp |
| Speed: | 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph) |
| Range: | 1,060 tons of oil 1,480 nautical miles (2,740 km; 1,700 mi) at 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph) 6,700 nautical miles (12,400 km; 7,700 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) |
| Complement: | 462 |
| Armament: | 1918: six BL 6-inch (152.4 mm) L/45 Mark XII guns on single mountings CP Mark XIV two QF 3 inch (76.2 mm) Mk II AA guns two 40 mm QF 2 pdr "Pom-pom" AA guns twelve 21 in (533 mm) torpedoes (4 triple launchers) 1930: six BL 6-inch (152.4 mm) L/45 Mark XII guns three QF 4-inch (101.6 mm) Mk V AA guns two 40 mm 2 pdr Pom-pom AA guns twelve 533 mm torpedo launchers 1942: six 6-inch (152 mm) Mk XII guns two 4-inch Mk V AA guns six 40 mm 2 pdr Pom-pom AA twelve 533 mm torpedo launchers 1943: five 6-inch (152 mm) guns, one 4-inch (102 mm) gun 8 x 40 mm 2 pdr Pom-pom AA guns 3 x quadruple mounting Mark VII 2 pounder Mark VIII guns 12 x 20 mm AA guns depth charge launcher |
| Armour: | 3 inch side (amidships) 2, 1¾, 1½ side (bow and stern) 1 inch upper decks (amidships) 1 inch deck over rudder |
Contents
- 1 Service
- 1.1 World cruise
- 1.2 Second World War
- 2 References
- 3 External links
Service
Danae was laid down on 1 December 1916 in the Armstrong Whitworth Shipyard in Walker-on-Tyne and launched on 26 January 1918. The lead ship of her class, she was one of the fastest cruisers of her times. Propelled by two Brown-Curtis steam turbines of 40,000 HP, 6 cauldrons and 2 propellors, she could travel at 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph). With 1,060 tons of oil in her tanks, she had a range of 1,480 nautical miles (2,740 km; 1,700 mi) at 29 knots and 6,700 nautical miles (12,400 km; 7,700 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). She was also decently-armoured, with the sides and the command deck protected with 3 inches (76 mm) of reinforced steel, the tanks and munition chambers with 57 mm, and the main deck with 2 inches (25 mm).Attached to the Harwich-based 5th Light Cruiser Squadron, she took part in several North Sea patrols during the last months of World War I. Between October and November of the following year, she passed to the Baltic Sea, where she supported the Whites in the Russian Civil War, along with her sister ship HMS Dragon and HMS Dauntless. In February 1920 she was attached to the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron of the Atlantic Fleet.
World cruise
Transferred to the Mediterranean, between 1927 and 1929 Danae served as an escort of the 1st Cruiser Squadron, after which she was withdrawn to Great Britain for refurbishment and modernisation. In 1930 she returned to active service and was attached to the 8th Cruiser Squadron stationed in the British West Indies. In 1935, at the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, she escorted various evacuation convoys from Shanghai to Hong Kong and was fired at by the Japanese Navy.
Second World War
After that in November she was again moved to Great Britain and preserved in reserve. Again mobilized in July 1939, she was attached to the 9th Cruiser Squadron, initially operating in Southern Atlantic and then Indian Ocean from October. On 23 March 1940 she was attached to the Malaya Force and took part in various patrols in the area of the Dutch East Indies and Singapore. On 20 January she was attached to the China Force and started to escort convoys in the Yellow Sea and between the Dutch Indies and Ceylon, together with HMS Durban, Dauntless, HMAS Canberra and HMS Cornwall. On 24 February she arrived in Batavia and then went on to Colombo, from where she was withdrawn to Cape Town for refurbishment.She returned to active service in July 1943, after 11 months in the shipyard. In March 1944 she returned to Great Britain and was attached to the 1st Cruiser Squadron. Prior to the Invasion of Normandy she left for the Sword Beach area, where she carried over ground support missions, together with HMS Ramillies, Warspite, Mauritius, Frobisher, Arethusa and ORP Dragon, as well as 10 S class, V class and Hunt class destroyers. In July the squadron moved to the area of Port en Bessin and Ouistreham only to return to Great Britain in August. Withdrawn from active service, she was used as a hulk in the port of Plymouth.
Until the end of 1945 she served as a transport ship, transporting Polish Red Cross help to Norway and Denmark. In January of the following year she returned to Rosyth for good, from where she carried over training tasks with the remaining ships of the Polish Navy: ORP Błyskawica, ORP Piorun and ORP Garland. On 8 March 1946 the ships were decommissioned from the Home Fleet and the Polish crews started preparations to hand them over to the British. By August the ship's crew was reduced to 50% and on 28 September she was returned to the Royal Navy. Renamed back to HMS Danae she was taken over by the Care & Maintenance Party and moved to Falmouth. On 22 January 1948 she was sold to T.W. Ward company and scrapped following 27 March 1948 in the Vickers Armstrong shipyard in Barrow-in-Furness.
References
 |
This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (July 2009) |
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8. OCLC 67375475.
- Jane's Fighting Ships of World War One (1919), Jane's Publishing Company
- U-boat.net
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